紫苏叶饮片与其免煎颗粒治疗风寒感冒初起的临床效果对比分析

目的探讨紫苏叶饮片与其免煎颗粒治疗风寒感冒初起的临床效果。方法选取2018年5月15日～9月20日接诊的114例风寒感冒初起患者,随机分为观察组57例(紫苏叶免煎颗粒)、对照组57例(紫苏叶饮片)。治疗结束后对比两组风寒感冒初起患者各项情况。结果观察组疗效总有效率为94.74%,头痛中医症状积分降幅分数为(3.20±0.48)分,喷嚏为(3.18±0.39)分,咳嗽为(3.23±0.36)分、流涕为(3.16±0.42)分、鼻塞为(2.96±0.36)分,发热为(3.33±0.26)分,生活质量评分为(92.53±5.12)分,各项指标均与对照组无较大差异(P0.05)。结论在风寒感冒初起患者的临床治疗中应用紫苏叶饮片及其免煎颗粒效果均较佳,但紫苏叶免煎颗粒服用方式较为方便,临床价值更高。     

Preventive Effects of Fermented Brown Rice and Rice Bran on Spontaneous Lymphomagenesis in AKR/NSlc Female Mice

Fermented brown rice and rice bran with Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) is known to possess potentials to preventchemical carcinogenesis in multiple organs of rodents. In the present study, possible chemopreventive effect of FBRAagainst spontaneous occurrence of lymphomas was examined using female AKR/NSlc mice. Four-week-old female AKR/NSlc mice were divided into three groups, and fed diets containing FBRA for 26 weeks at a dose level 0% (Group 1), 5%(Group 2) or 10% (Group 3). At the termination of experiment, the incidence of thymic malignant lymphoma of Group3 was significantly lower than of Group 1 (p < 0.05). The average number of apoptotic cells of the thymic lymphoma ofGroup 3 was significantly larger than that of Group 1 (p < 0.05). In addition, the incidences of malignant lymphomaarising from body surface and abdominal lymph nodes, and the frequencies of lymphoma cell invasion to liver, kidney,spleen, and ovary of Group 3 were relatively lower than those of Group 1. These results indicate that FBRA inhibitsspontaneous development of the lymphoma in female AKR/NSc mice and the inhibition of lymphomagenesis mayrelate to the induction of apoptosis by exposure of FBRA, suggesting that FBRA could be a protective agent againstdevelopment of human lymphoma.     

Variation in fatty acid distribution of different acyl lipids in rice (Oryza sativa L.) brans

The lipids extracted from rice brans were classified by thin-layer chromatography into eight fractions, and their fatty acid (FA) compositions were investigated among five different Japanese cultivars. The lipids of these rice brans comprised mainly triacylglycerols (TAG; 84.9-86.0 wt%), free FA (4.2-4.6 wt%), and phospholipids (PL; 6.5-6.7 wt%), whilst other components were also detected in minor proportions (0.2-2.1 wt%). The PL components included phosphatidyl choline (43.3-46.8 wt%) phosphatidyl ethanolamine (25.0-27.3 wt%) and phosphatidyl inositol (20.2-23.2 wt%). Comparison of the different cultivars showed, with a few exceptions, no substantial difference (P > 0.05) in FA distribution. FA distribution of TAG among the five cultivars was characterized as: unsaturated FA predominantly concentrated at the sn-2 position and saturated FA primarily occupying the sn-1 or sn-3 position in these lipids. These results suggest that the rice bran lipids may be well incorporated into our daily diet to improve nutritional value of the Japanese diet.     

Determination of Myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol in black rice bran by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

A high-performance capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with electrochemical detection (ED) is developed for simultaneous determination of myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol in black rice bran in this work. A 140 μm diameter copper-disk electrode operated in a wall-jet configuration, which exhibited good response at +0.65 V (relative to the saturated calomel electrode (SCE)) for the two analytes in 50 mm sodium hydroxide solution, was used as working electrode. The optimum conditions for determination was optimized with regard to the potential applied to the working electrode, concentration of the running buffer, separation voltage and injection time. The analytes were separated within 20 min. Excellent linearity was obtained in the concentration range from 1.0×10⁻⁶ to 1.0×10⁻⁴ g/ml for both analytes. The detection limit (S/N=3) was 5.3×10⁻⁷ and 7.3×10⁻⁷ g/ml for myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol, respectively. The work provides a useful method for the analysis of myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol in black rice bran.     

油炸及烧烤食品中丙烯酰胺的HPLC测定

目的了解市售及家庭自制油炸烧烤食品中丙烯酰胺的含量,为食品安全研究提供实验数据。方法采用紫外吸收光谱确定检测波长,运用高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)技术,结合溶剂提取的摇床振摇、萃取脱脂、低温浓缩等前处理方法。结果22种油炸烧烤食品中均检测到丙烯酰胺,含量范围为2.09×10-1~1.86×10μg/g。结论采用中国人习惯的油炸,烧烤的方式加工富含淀粉、蛋白质的食品同样易产生人类可能致癌物丙烯酰胺,长期食用此含量的食品将对人体产生怎样的危害值得进一步研究。     

正交试验法优选麸炒白术工艺研究

目的探讨麸炒白术的最佳炮制工艺。方法以水溶性浸出物含量、醇溶性浸出物含量、挥发油含量为指标,选择辅料用量、加热温度、加热时间3个因素,用L9(34)正交设计表,采用综合加权评分法,对上述三因素进行炮制工艺的优选。结果麸炒白术最佳炮制工艺为:辅料用量10%,加热温度150℃,加热时间5min。结论为进一步制定麸炒白术饮片的质量标准提供了参考依据。     

白术水提物抑瘤作用及其机制研究

目的:研究白术水提物的抑瘤作用,并从调节免疫功能角度探讨其抑瘤机制。方法:以S180荷瘤小鼠为研究对象,给予不同剂量的白术水提物10 d,称取瘤重,计算胸腺指数、脾指数,同时利用放射免疫测定法检测血浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素-2(IL-2)的含量。结果:白术各剂量组和模型组瘤重及胸腺指数有显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05),白术中剂量组对TNF-α和IL-2均有显著性影响(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:白术可以调节S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能,抑制肿瘤生长,并呈现出一定的剂量效应关系。     

半夏白术天麻汤对单纯性肥胖患者胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的　观察半夏白术天麻汤对单纯性肥胖患者胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法　用单盲随机法将 90例患者分成 2组 ,治疗组 ( 6 0例 )给予半夏白术天麻汤治疗 ,对照组 ( 30例 )给予防风通圣丸治疗 ,并与同期 30例健康体检者比较。观察各组的体质量指数 (BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹血糖 (FPG)、空腹胰岛素 (FINS)、胰岛素敏感性指数 (ISI)、血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)及血压变化。结果　治疗前单纯性肥胖患者存在高胰岛素血症 ,与健康组比较ISI显著下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,治疗组治疗后BMI ,WHR ,FINS及舒张压明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,ISI明显上升 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且优于对照组治疗后 (P <0 .0 5 )。ISI的提高与BMI ,WHR的下降呈显著负相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　中药半夏白术天麻汤不仅能有效改善单纯性肥胖患者的体脂参数 ,同时也能改善胰岛素抵抗 ,预防高血压病、糖尿病等相关疾病     

麦麸酶解产品清除自由基的体外实验研究

目的:以体外实验研究麦麸酶解产品(EHWB)清除自由基、保护DNA氧化损伤的效果。方法:采用黑曲霉发酵生产混合酶制剂水解去淀粉麦麸(DSWB)获得EHWB,并设计不同反应体系,探讨在离体条件下其对自由基的清除作用和防止羟自由基对DNA的损伤作用。结果:EHWB对二苯代苦味酰自由基(DPPH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2)、羟自由基(·OH)等都有很好的清除·?能力。另外它还可有效地保护DNA免受·OH的损伤。结论:麦麸酶解产品有清除自由基的作用。     

白术多糖对激发态小鼠体液免疫的效应研究

目的研究白术多糖对小鼠体液免疫应答效应的影响。方法将180只小鼠平均分为3个大组,每大组设置实验组和对照组2个小组,分别皮下注射白术多糖抗原、卵核抗原和生理盐水。2周后采血制备血清,用ELISA方法检测血清中相应的IgG抗体。结果未检测到多糖IgG抗体,卵核IgG抗体实验组与对照组血清抗体效价无明显差异。结论白术多糖无抗原性,对体液免疫血清IgG抗体无明显增强效应。